The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.